Mobility & Transportation

The movement of goods, services, & persons from place to place, & the various means by which such movement is accomplished

I. ACTIVITIES & CONDITIONS

A. Mobility & Transportation

1. Utilization of Transport Systems & Modes

a. Road Transport

i. Motorized road transport
ii. Non-motorized road transport

b. Railways
c. Air Transport
d. Marine transport

2. Management of Transportation Supply and Demand

II. SUSTAINABILITY PROBLEMS

A. Global Change & GHG Emissions

1. Broad Impacts

a. Climate change
b. Ozone depletion
c. Air Pollution

2. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions

a. Emissions due to mobility & transport

i. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) emission
ii. Methane, CH4 emission
iii. Nitrous Oxides emission
iv. Chlorofluorocarbons ( CFC's) emission
v. Toxicity

b. Effects of Interactions among GHG

B. Environmental & Health Effects

1. Local & Regional Impacts

a. Basic Mode
b. Due to emissions
c. Due to congestion

2.  Specific Impacts

a. Acid rain
b. Photochemical smog
c. Other impacts

3. Impacts of Excessive Use of Fossil Fuel

a. Health hazards in urban areas
b. Concerns about energy insecurity
c. Problems associated with fossil fuel dependence

C. Socio-Economic Dislocations

1. Problems Due to Mobility Systems

a. Traffic congestion & density
b. Poor maintenance of systems, modes, vehicles
c. Improper manufacturing of vehicles & building of system
d. Excessive & inefficient fuel consumption
e. Expanded wastes & material byproducts
 f. Pollution of waterways

2. Problems Shaped by Physical Conditions

a. Local Topographical Conditions
b. Space Configurations
c. Implications of Regulatory Conditions

3. Problems Due to Uses and Users

a. Traffic Accidents
b. Noise Pollution
d. Social Strains
e. Loss of Natural Habitats
f. Loss of Agricultural lands

4. Specific Locations of Concern

a. Megacities
b. Rapidly urbanized areas

III. SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

A. Efficient Mobility Systems

1. Search for alternative transport fuel

a. Forms of alcohol fuel
b. Solar electric vehicles
c. Hydrogen as fuel

2. Improved Networks & Transportation

a. Rationalizing Transport Systems & Modes
b. Encouraging Low or No Fuel-Based Transport

B. Improved Vehicles & Fuel Types

1. Vehicle Innovations

a. Hybrid cars
b. Other "New" Transport Modes

2. "Cleaner" fuel & chemical inputs

a. Fuel-related
b. Substitutions for damaging chemicals

C. Substitution of Functions

1. Communication vs. Transportation
2. Shifts & Reductions in Transport "Loads"

IV. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, POLITICAL & REGULATORY SOLUTIONS

A. Emission Standards & Audits

1. Creating & Enforcing Standards
2. Mandating & Undertaking Audits

B. Markets & Mechanisms for Cleaner Mobility

1. Incentives for "Cleaner" Mobility
2. Incentives for Recycling & Minimizing Materials & Wastes
3. Effective Fare Structures & Systems

C. Eco-efficiency & Safety Measures

1. Improved supply-demand planning systems
2. Encouraging investments in new technologies
3. Improving Transport Management Systems
4. Designing & Enforcing Transport Systems Safety

a. Design, Manufacture & Operation of Vehicles
b. Harmonization of policy approaches

i. Within jurisdictions
ii. Within transport systems
iii. Across national jurisdictions
iv. Across international jurisdictions

5. Improved International Responses

a. Response Channels & Actors

i. Non-governmental channels
ii. Governmental channels

b. Mode and Type of Response

i. Formal & mandated
ii. Voluntary regulation
iii. Mixed types & modes

6. Enforcing Safety in Transport, Packaging, & Storage of Hazardous Goods & Materials