Information Operations

Provides details for planning, preparation, execution, and assessment of information operations (IO) across military operations. Defines the information environment as the aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information. Consists of three interrelated dimensions: physical (command and control systems, key decision makers, supporting infrastructure), informational (where and how information is collected, processed, stored, disseminated, and protected), and cognitive (encompasses minds of those who transmit, receive, and respond to or act on information). Argues that ability to share information real time, anonymously, and securely is both an asset and a vulnerability to allies and adversaries. Describes integrating information-related capabilities into the joint operation planning process through phasing and synchronization. Reviews multinational information operations of other nations.